A 1:1 transformer was tested in the lab to determine its non-ideal parameter values. Figure 3 shows the wiring diagram used to make the open circuit test. With the secondary open, the primary voltage was increased from zero to rated voltage, where the rated voltage is the name plate stamp. A digital multimeter was used as an ammeter to measure the open circuit current. A wattmeter was used to measure the open circuit power. The power measured was the power dissipated in Rm, the core losses.
Figure 3. Wiring diagram for open circuit test.
The short circuit wiring diagram is shown in Figure 4. With the secondary terminals shorted, the primary voltage was increased from zero until the rated current was reached in the primary. At this point the primary voltage was measured. It was much less than rated voltage. Again, the power and current were measured.
Figure 4. Wiring diagram for short circuit test.
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